4 Well-being in Cities of the Future – How Will Climatic Changes and Temperature Rise Influence the Well-being of City Residents?
Climatic changes have become one of the key challenges of modernity, directly affecting the well-being of city residents. Growing temperatures, extreme weather phenomena, (air, light, noise) pollution, as well as thermal stress and climatic anxiety change the way we live and function in urban space. The Institute of Environmental Protection projects that by 2050 the average temperature in Poland will have risen by 1.3–3°C, while the number of tropical nights will considerably increase. Today, the climatic consequences are already taking their toll on economics. In this context, it is crucial to design resilient cities, sustainable ecosystems, which support the environment as well as mental and physical health of residents. We observe the growing significance of city design trend which regards counteracting thermal stress and supporting the experience and relations with space and nature – cities should be not only functional, but also emotionally comfortable. The article is based on a foresight experiment – a research project carried out in 2024 for Kraków, which included four scenarios of the urban future. Based on these, the author describes the possible operations in six areas of influence.
Keywords: well-being, climatic changes, urban foresight