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6 To Scientify Design, i.e. Industrial Design in the Making. Design Culture in the 1960s Poland

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Biblioteka
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6 To Scientify Design, i.e. Industrial Design in the Making. Design Culture in the 1960s Poland

Between the late 1950s through ‘70s, designers began another call for scientification – reification, systematising and rationalisation of design processes. Industrial design, especially after the experience of military design during WWII, turned out too complex to rely on its artisanal roots. The attempts made in the countries of North America and Western Europe wrote into a direction known as design methods. In the broad definition of the term, design methods refer to scientification of design by adapting methodologies of various exact and social sciences. At the same time in Poland, designers tried to launch institutions to develop industrial design. The notion of scientification of design was meant to relate design to industry. This article presents research on industrial design education in Poland in the international context as it analyses the perspective Polish designers took on the design scientification process in the 1960s. It takes interest in the way the notion of scientification was applied to shape original goals and programmes. Polish designers of the Kraków and Warsaw Academies of Fine Arts attempted to scientify industrial design by adapting design methods. Thereby, they addressed the idealistic vision of social development while forming their own concept of the designer’s role in a socialist state. Paradoxically, their actions set the stage for neoliberal economic changes, which accompanied the peaceful process of systemic transformation towards liberal democracy.

Keywords: design methods, industrial design, design culture, the 1960s