Nr 29/2026 Sozologiczny design
8 Design Critical of Conspiracy Theories: Para-functionality and Ecocriticism in Anthony Dunne’s and Fiona Raby’s Designs

Nr 29/2026 Sozologiczny design

  1. Wstęp 29

  2. Projektowanie wobec nieludzkiej skali i złożoności

  3. Znaczenie oceny cyklu życia w rozwoju produktu dla biznesu i zespołów projektowych

  4. Produkcja odpowiedzialna społecznie i ekologicznie

  5. Gęstość cyfrowa. Sustainable web design w praktyce

  6. Między grzybnią a poliestrem. Dlaczego rewolucja w modzie nie nadchodzi

  7. Z prochu w proch. Projektowanie ubrań według Yuimy Nakazaty

  8. Jak człowiek z gołębiem. Od „wrogiego designu” po międzygatunkową wspólnotę w mieście

  9. Design krytyczny wobec teorii spiskowych. Parafunkcjonalność i ekokrytyka w projektach Anthony’ego Dunne’a i Fiony Raby


8 Design Critical of Conspiracy Theories: Para-functionality and Ecocriticism in Anthony Dunne’s and Fiona Raby’s Designs

The article analyses the potential of Anthony Dunne’s para-functionality theory and critical designs in the context of contemporary debate around ecology, technology, and the notion of Anthropocene. It aims to demonstrate how critical and speculative design can support social reflection and counteract mental and political denial of environmental threats and the problem of disinformation.

The methodology is based on the analysis of Dunne’s and Fiona Raby’s early designs (Faraday Chair, Placebo Project) from the perspective of ecocriticism (i.a. Timothy Morton’s dark ecology). The conducted analysis indicates that the para-functional approach, which uses social fear of the invisible agency of electromagnetic fields (known as electrosmog) as a lens, effectively exposes technical ideologies and reveals mechanisms behind conspiracy theories, disinformation, and environmental negationism.

Such designs engage users in performative experience, which initiate interpretation, reflection and anxiety, leading to “ecognosis” and disanthropocentring human relationship with artefacts.
Para-functional design establishes a cultural mediation laboratory, in which technological anxiety is transformed into critical debate about the role of artefacts in the era of Anthropocene, and offers a tool of fighting the mechanisms of manipulation and post-truth.

Keywords: ecology, ecocriticism, critical design, para-functionality, conspiracy theories

Publikacja 29.07.2026